FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT FOR ESTABLISHING FREE TRADE AREA
BETWEEN
THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA
AND
THE KINGDOM OF THAILAND

Preamble

The Governments of the Republic of India and the Kingdom of Thailand hereinafter referred to in this Agreement individually as "the Party" and collectively as "the Parties";

Desiring to strengthen the special bonds of friendship and economic relationship and also cooperation that exist between the Parties with a view to improving living standards, deepening economic linkages, promoting economic growth, investment opportunities, minimising barriers, and creating a larger and more integrated market with greater opportunities;

Desiring to raise the capacity and international competitiveness of their goods and services as well as to promote their mutual interests through liberalization and expansion of trade and investment between them and with a view to eventually establishing a bilateral Free Trade Area;

Recognizing the important role and contribution of the business sector in enhancing trade and investment between the Parties and the need to further promote and facilitate their cooperation and utilisation of greater business opportunities provided by a comprehensive free trade agreement between the Parties;

Re-affirming the rights and obligations with respect to each other under existing bilateral, regional and multilateral agreements including the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization;

Recognizing the catalytic role that regional trading arrangements can play towards accelerating regional and global liberalization and as building blocks in the framework of the multilateral trading system;

Have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE 1

Objectives

The Parties shall make every effort to:

1. create favourable conditions for greater economic cooperation and promote fair competition;

2. progressively liberalize and eliminate barriers to trade in, and facilitate the cross-border movement of goods and services between the territories of the Parties on a reciprocal basis as well as create a transparent, liberal and facilitative investment regime; and

3. explore new areas and develop appropriate measures for closer economic cooperation between the Parties.

ARTICLE 2

Measures for Comprehensive Free Trade Area (FTA)

The Parties agree to expeditiously negotiate for establishing an India-Thailand FTA with a view to strengthening and enhancing liberalization of trade through the following:

progressive elimination of tariffs and non-tariff barriers in substantially all trade in goods between the Parties;

progressive liberalization of trade in services between the Parties with substantial sectoral coverage;

establishment of an open and competitive investment regime that facilitates and promotes investment within and between the Parties;

establishment of effective trade and investment facilitation measures, including, but not limited to, simplification of customs procedures and development of mutual recognition arrangements;

expansion of economic co-operation in areas as may be mutually agreed between the Parties that will complement the deepening of trade and investment links between the Parties and formulation of action plans and programmes in order to implement the agreed sectors/areas of cooperation; and

establishment of appropriate mechanisms for the purposes of effective implementation of this Agreement.

ARTICLE 3

Trade in Goods

1. With a view to expediting the expansion of trade in goods, the Parties agree to enter into negotiations in which duties and other restrictive regulations of commerce except, where necessary, those permitted under Article XXIV (8)(b) of the WTO General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994, shall be eliminated on substantially all trade in goods between the Parties.

2. The tariff reduction or elimination program of the Parties shall require tariffs on listed products to be gradually reduced and where applicable, eliminated, in accordance with this Article.

3. The products which are subject to the tariff reduction or elimination program under this Article shall include all products not covered by the Early Harvest Scheme under Article 7 of this Agreement, and such products shall be categorised into two tracks, namely, the Normal Track and the Sensitive Track.

4. The commitments undertaken by the Parties under this Article and Article 7 of this Agreement shall fulfil the WTO requirements to eliminate tariffs on substantially all the trade between the Parties.

5. The tariff preferences to be mutually agreed between the Parties pursuant to this Article shall set out only the limits of the applicable tariff preferences for the specified year of implementation by the Parties and shall not prevent any Party from accelerating its tariff reduction or elimination if it so desires.

6. The negotiations between the Parties to establish the India-Thailand FTA covering trade in goods shall also include, but not be limited to the following:

(i) other detailed rules governing the tariff reduction or elimination programme for the Normal Track and the Sensitive Track as well as any other related matters, including principles governing reciprocal commitments, not provided for in the preceding paragraphs of this Article;

(ii) Rules of Origin (ROO);

(iii) Treatment of out-of-quota rates;

(iv) Modification of a Party’s commitments under this Article on trade in goods based on GATT/WTO principles;

(v) Non-tariff barriers (NTBs) imposed on any products covered under this Article or Article 7 of this Agreement, including, but not limited to quantitative restrictions or prohibition on the importation of any product or on the export or sale for export of any product;

(vi) Safeguards based on the GATT/WTO principles;

(vii) Disciplines on subsidies and countervailing measures and anti-dumping measures based on the existing GATT disciplines;

(viii) Facilitation and promotion of effective and adequate protection of trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights based on existing WTO Agreements, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) and other relevant disciplines; and

(ix) Dispute settlement mechanism.

ARTICLE 4

Trade in Services

With a view to expediting the expansion of trade in services, the Parties agree to enter into negotiations to progressively liberalise trade in services with substantial sectoral coverage. Such negotiations shall be directed to:

progressive elimination of substantially all discrimination between the Parties, prohibition of new or more discriminatory measures, with respect to trade in services between the Parties except for measures permitted under Article V(1)(b) of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS);

expansion in the depth and scope of liberalisation of trade in services; and

enhanced co-operation in services between the Parties in order to improve efficiency and competitiveness.

ARTICLE 5

Investment

1. To promote investments and to create a liberal, facilitative, transparent and competitive investment regime, the Parties shall endeavour to:

(i) enter into negotiations in order to progressively liberalise their respective investment regimes;

(ii) strengthen co-operation in investment, facilitate investment and improve transparency of investment rules and regulations; and

(iii) provide for the protection of investments.

2. With regard to the promotion and protection of investments, the Parties shall keep in view the provisions of the Agreement for the Promotion and Protection of Investments signed by them on 10 July 2000.

ARTICLE 6

Other Areas of Economic Cooperation

1. The Parties agree to strengthen their cooperation, but not limited to, in the following areas:

(i) Trade Facilitation:

Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs), conformity assessment, accreditation procedures, and standards and technical regulations;

Removal of non-tariff barriers (NTBs);

Customs cooperation;

Trade finance; and

Business visa and travel facilitation.

(ii) Sectors of Cooperation:

(a) Fisheries and Aquaculture;

(b) Information & Communications Technology;

(c) Space Technology;

(d) Biotechnology;

(e) Finance and Banking;

(f) Tourism;

(g) Infrastructure Development;

(h) Health Care;

(i) Construction;

(j) Education; and

(k) Government Procurement.

(iii) Trade and Investment Promotion:

trade and investment fairs and exhibitions;

India-Thailand portal; and

business sector dialogues.

2. Co-operation shall be extended to other areas, including, but not limited to, industrial cooperation, intellectual property rights, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), civil aviation, environment, forestry and forestry products, mining, energy and sub-regional development.

3. Measures to strengthen co-operation shall include, but not be limited to:

promotion and facilitation of trade in goods and services, and investment;

increasing the competitiveness of SMEs;

promotion of electronic commerce;

capacity building; and

technology transfer.

Part 2